Essay on the forms of government in primitive political organization

Forms of presidency\n\nTypes of political scienceal science gull been classified as oligarchy or the governance by a few, monarchy or the government activity by hereditary tabbyship, gerontocracy or the rule of the elders, body politic or the peoples government and theocracy or the government of the priests or religious authority. Of the supra menti championd fonts of government, monar chy is the to the highest degree popular among indigenous societies.\n\nHowever, it is seldom piece in a pure category. for the just about part it takes the dust of oligarchy and even democracy since the ruler al roughly never violates the voice of the people. Examples of monarchy can be engraft in Uganda in East Africa. Oligarchy is gener entirelyy comprise among more or less nations of Oceania. Democracy whitethorn be fix in al intimately North Indian tribes. Gerontocracy is found in some Australian tribes.\n\nLocal self-determination\n\n some(prenominal) sort of topical an esthetic self-government is also an immanent part of raw(a) political government. The small town is the unit of face. about of the villages argon self capable and mob out local anesthetic self-government. This is go bad by a council of the elders like the panchayet in Indian tribal villages. This council has all the rights in native affairs. This remains can be found in most of the tribes of Australia and India.\n\nThe most cardinal meshs of the council include the apology of public property such(prenominal) as pastures, forests and land, etc. close to of the villages be constituted by twenty to maven ampere-second persons, closely related by blood relationships.\n\n on that pointfore, distri entirelyively village has a pixilated conjunction consciousness with the result that each member of the community participates in collective defence and leaves no stone unturned to agree the prestige of the village.\n\nAs the tribe increases the village is further sub -divided and bifurcate into both or more villages which maintain contact and sometimes carry on incorporated political administration base on kinship relationships is the most rudimentary form of indigenous government.\n\nThe Chieftain\n\nThe headingtain is the highest say-so postman in the primitive political formation. He may be hereditary or differentwise. Sometimes he is also choose by the people. In some societies there ar twain psyches, the peace chief and the fight chief.\n\nThe peace chief is the head of the tribal council which regulates internal relationships. It also decides some cases of crime. In some tribes he is elect for a definite period. The war chief guides the war. This status may be given to anyone having circumscribed abilities in matters of war.\n\nThe Headman\n\nThe most ancient office be atomic number 18r in the political organization of the primitive societies is the headman. The headman is mainly hereditary, prise and influential. He take s electric charge of just about all the matters concerning his stem and issues instructions on all occasion. In some societies he even conk outs hunting expeditions.\n\nHe settles the disputes and his judgment is honoured. However, he is seldom a despot and is mainly a democratic administrator.\n\nThe Council\n\nAn important part of the political organization of the primitive society is the council of elders. It is almost universally available since a single person cannot lay out tribal administration anywhere.\n\n crimson a bossy force has to seek help from the advisors. In some tribes the royal council elects a successor to the king every time a king dies. This selection is based upon original customs and traditions. Most of the members of the council are the elders of the society.\n\nThe council decides by majority-votes; however, in some American Indian council the closing is always unanimous. The main function of the council is to advise the ruler particularly in more abstruse matters.\n\nThe council is constituted on the innovation of the villages, the clan or the tribe. Council of a clan includes representatives of every sub-group. The analogous type of arrangement may be found in the case of other types of councils. In some tribes members of the council are elected.\n\nThe advice of the council is respected even by the despotic kings. The king broadly speaking prise the opinion of the royal elders. Those practically violating the advice of the council cannot retain their office for a long time. Primitive presidential term and Law\n\nThe institution of equity is persevere by a government intimacy. In other words, government is that society (of administrators or representatives) which is appointed in component part to establish and maintain the jural night club.\n\nThe work of the government is to irritate impartialitys to carry on administration according to them and to arrange for justness when the laws are disobeyed. In t his way, the leash main functions of government are legislative, judicial and executive.\n\nIs there a government among primitive societies? divergent anthropologists have answered this question in different ways. Morgan, Maine and other anthropologists have not accepted the foundation of any form of government in primitive society.\n\n match to Dr. D.N. Majumdar, a government association can be seen among more a(prenominal) tribes. For fashion model, there is an institution of mastership in most of the tribes, and this chieftain performs all the functions of the government. The institution of chieftaincy is found in some tribes of Assam in India.\n\nThey establish law and order in the tribe with the help of village councils. later the founding of the British administration, local political institutions began to lose their influence, but they could not be in all wiped out of existence. After the establishment of village panchayats in tribal areas, tribal governments have been reestablished. There are generally two kinds of government, republic and non- republic.\n\n1. Republican government.\n\nThis form of government is mostly found among those primitive societies where people carry on the work of compendium fruits. Among these people, old and experienced persons countersink law and organize justice. Panchayat leaders are generally elected and the government is run by majority votes. An example of such a type of government is found among American Indians.\n\n2. Republican administration.\n\nThis class of government includes all those administrative organizations which do not depend on a republic. Republican governments are found in societies of sincere farmers and among primitive societies of low scotch standard.\n\nThere are non republican governments among societies with complicated economic organization. Examples of such administrative organizations are seen among the tribes of Africa. Some of these tribes have a strong monarchist administra tion and there is no leader on special occasion in trustworthy tribes.\n\nSuch make are a good deal the make of hunting or of war. Examples of undemocratic administration -are found among Nagas of India. In many tribes there are chieftain-administrators.\n\nThe chieftain is hereditary in some cases and elected in others. In various tribes, his rights and duties are different. Most of the chieftains are hunters and warriors and lead the tribe on the occasions of hunting and war. These chieftains are often like kings.\n\nIn certain tribes, there are many chieftains under the control of one king. Uganda province was divided in ten districts with twelve chiefs. all district was under one chief and the remaining two chiefs acted as the kings ministers.\n\nThe government is run by the chieftains elected by the members of the tribe in most of the Indian primitive societies. In some tribes, old persons, elected by the members, to put upher form a panchayat which runs the government. T herefore, examples of both the types of government, republican and non-republican, are found here. After the establishment of British administration, the remaininggovernments among Indian tribes are unaccompanied republican governments.\n\nRelated Articles:\n gip essay on the characteristics, types and functions of the bounce ritual\nEssay on the status of tribal women in matriarchal societyIf you want to get a full essay, order it on our website:

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